17 Free California Property & Casualty Practice Questions: Personal Lines Casualty: Auto, CAARP and Umbrella (2026)
How to Use This Personal Lines Casualty Set
Personal lines casualty is the other half of the largest block in the Casualty exam: Personal Lines Insurance carries 35% of the Casualty objectives. The set covers the personal auto policy, split limits, newly acquired autos, rental reimbursement, personal umbrellas, homeowners liability and the California Automobile Assigned Risk Plan named in the objectives.
Questions are scenarios with numbers. Work them step by step and the arithmetic is not the hard part; the rule that sets the cap usually is.
Practice Questions 1-6: Newly Acquired Autos, Split Limits and Section II Liability
Automatic coverage for a new car, how split limits cap a payment, medical payments to others and residence employees.
Question 1 (Chapter 6)
A California resident purchases a new car on Monday. Their current personal auto policy includes collision coverage on one listed vehicle. According to the ISO Personal Auto Policy provisions adopted in California, when does collision coverage automatically apply to the newly acquired vehicle?
- A) On the day of ownership, provided the insured carries collision on at least one other vehicle.
- B) Immediately upon taking ownership, with no notice required to the insurer.
- C) Only after the insured notifies the insurer within 14 days of acquisition.
- D) After 30 days, unless the insured pays an additional premium for immediate coverage.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: A
Under the ISO PAP, if the insured carries collision coverage on at least one vehicle shown in the declarations, collision coverage automatically extends to a newly acquired private passenger auto on the date the insured becomes the owner. No notice is required for the coverage to begin, though notice must be given within 14 days to continue coverage beyond that period. If no collision is carried on any vehicle, collision must be requested. Option B is incorrect because automatic application depends on having collision on another vehicle. Option C describes the notice requirement for continuing coverage, not when it starts. Option D is not based on ISO PAP rules.
Question 2 (Chapter 6)
A California driver carries the state minimum split limits of 30/60/15. They are at fault in an accident that injures three people, with damages of $40,000, $35,000 and $10,000 respectively. How much will their bodily injury liability coverage pay in total?
- A) $85,000 (sum of all injuries)
- B) $90,000 (three times the per-person limit)
- C) $70,000 (each claim capped at the per-person limit)
- D) $60,000 (the per-accident limit)
Show answer & explanation
Answer: D
With split limits of 30/60/15, bodily injury coverage is $30,000 per person and $60,000 per accident. The first two claimants ($40,000 and $35,000) are each capped at $30,000; the third ($10,000) is within the limit. That would be $70,000, but the per-accident limit caps the total at $60,000. The remaining $25,000 is the driver's own liability. These are the minimum limits under Vehicle Code §16056 since January 1, 2025; the lower limits that applied before 2025 no longer exist.
Question 3 (Chapter 6)
A California driver has an underlying auto policy with $50,000 bodily injury liability limit and purchases a $1 million umbrella policy with a $250 self-insured retention (SIR). If a covered loss occurs that is not covered by the underlying auto policy but is covered by the umbrella, how much will the umbrella policy pay for a $10,000 loss?
- A) $10,000
- B) $0
- C) $250
- D) $9,750
Show answer & explanation
Answer: D
The umbrella policy has a $250 self-insured retention (SIR), which applies to losses not covered by the underlying policies but covered by the umbrella. For a $10,000 loss, the insured must first pay the $250 SIR. The umbrella then pays the remaining $9,750 ($10,000 - $250). Option A ignores the SIR. Option B incorrectly assumes no payment due to the SIR exceeding the loss. Option C only returns the SIR amount, which is incorrect—the insured pays the SIR, the insurer pays the excess.
Question 4 (Chapter 6)
A California homeowner's guest slips on an icy sidewalk and fractures their hip. The homeowner's homeowners policy Section II Medical Payments to Others coverage will pay for which of the following?
- A) The guest's lost wages due to time off work
- B) The homeowner's own medical expenses if they also slipped on the ice
- C) The guest's pain and suffering damages awarded in a lawsuit
- D) Reasonable medical expenses for the guest's X-rays and emergency room visit, up to the policy limit
Show answer & explanation
Answer: D
Medical Payments to Others (Coverage M) pays for reasonable medical expenses of others, regardless of fault, up to the policy limit. It does not cover lost wages (A), the homeowner's own expenses (B), or pain and suffering (C), which are covered under Personal Liability only if the homeowner is found legally liable.
Question 5 (Chapter 6)
An insured in Los Angeles hires a part-time gardener to maintain their yard twice a month. While working, the gardener is injured by a malfunctioning lawnmower owned by the insured. How does the California homeowners policy handle this situation?
- A) The policy must include a mandatory California Workers' Compensation — Residence Employees endorsement to cover such injuries.
- B) The policy excludes all injuries to employees under the 'Business Pursuits' exclusion.
- C) The gardener must sue the manufacturer of the lawnmower as the homeowners policy never covers household employees.
- D) Medical Payments to Others automatically covers the gardener's injuries regardless of the number of hours worked.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: A
California law requires that homeowners policies include an endorsement providing workers' compensation coverage for 'residence employees' (such as gardeners or domestic help) who meet certain threshold requirements. This is a unique California requirement to ensure household workers are protected.
Question 6 (Chapter 6)
A California driver participates in a 'share-the-expense' carpool where coworkers take turns driving and split the cost of gasoline. How does the Personal Auto Policy (PAP) respond to this arrangement?
- A) Coverage remains in effect because 'share-the-expense' carpools are specifically excepted from the public or livery conveyance exclusion.
- B) Coverage is excluded because this is considered 'public or livery conveyance.'
- C) Coverage is excluded because the driver is receiving 'for-hire' compensation.
- D) The driver must add a 'Commercial Use' endorsement to maintain coverage.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: A
The Personal Auto Policy excludes coverage for 'public or livery conveyance' (carrying people for a fee), but it explicitly makes an exception for 'share-the-expense' carpools, which are considered a personal use of the vehicle.
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Practice Questions 7-12: Umbrellas, Personal Injury, Supplementary Payments and Car Sharing
What a self-insured retention is, what personal injury coverage means, how supplementary payments work and how car sharing is treated.
Question 7 (Chapter 6)
Which of the following is a characteristic of a 'Self-Insured Retention' (SIR) in a Personal Umbrella policy?
- A) It acts like a deductible for losses covered by the underlying policy.
- B) It is the amount the insurer pays before the umbrella policy responds.
- C) It is required by California law to be at least $1,000 for all policies.
- D) It applies only when the umbrella policy provides broader coverage than the underlying policy for a loss not covered by the underlying policy.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: D
The SIR (Self-Insured Retention) in an umbrella policy is similar to a deductible, but it only applies to losses that are NOT covered by any underlying insurance but ARE covered by the umbrella (personal injury, etc.). If the underlying policy covers the loss, the umbrella pays once the underlying limits are exhausted without an SIR.
Question 8 (Chapter 6)
Under California Insurance Code §11580.24, a personal vehicle sharing program must provide insurance coverage during the sharing period. For the vehicle to remain classified as a 'private passenger' vehicle rather than 'commercial,' what condition must be met?
- A) The annual revenue from sharing must not exceed the annual cost of owning and operating the vehicle.
- B) The owner must not make any profit from the sharing program.
- C) The vehicle must not be shared for more than 10 days per year.
- D) The owner must be present in the vehicle during the sharing period.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: A
CIC §11580.24 allows personal vehicle sharing without reclassifying the car as a commercial vehicle, provided that the owner's revenue from the sharing does not exceed the actual expenses of owning and operating the vehicle.
Question 9 (Chapter 6)
An insured with a standard Homeowners policy is sued for 'Personal Injury' after posting a defamatory review of a local contractor on social media. Why might the standard Section II coverage fail to provide a defense or indemnity in this case?
- A) Section II only covers Bodily Injury and Property Damage, not Personal Injury (libel/slander), unless endorsed.
- B) Homeowners policies exclude all social media activities under the 'Cyber Liability' exclusion.
- C) The insured is only covered for Personal Injury if the incident occurs on the 'insured location.'
- D) The contractor is considered a 'residence employee' and is therefore excluded from liability claims.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: A
Standard Homeowners Section II covers Bodily Injury (physical harm) and Property Damage. Personal Injury (which includes libel, slander, and invasion of privacy) is a separate category of liability that requires the 'Personal Injury' endorsement (HO 24 82) to be covered.
Question 10 (Chapter 6)
A California driver is involved in an accident and is required to attend a court hearing at the insurer's request. Under the 'Supplementary Payments' section of Part A (Liability), how much will the policy pay for the insured's loss of earnings?
- A) Up to $100 per day
- B) Up to $250 per day
- C) Up to $200 per day
- D) Up to $500 total for the duration of the trial
Show answer & explanation
Answer: C
The standard ISO Personal Auto Policy Supplementary Payments include up to $200 per day for loss of earnings because of attendance at hearings or trials at the insurer's request.
Question 11 (Chapter 6)
Under California Insurance Code §11580.24, a vehicle owner participates in a personal vehicle sharing program (like Turo). The vehicle is NOT considered a 'commercial use' vehicle (which would void the PAP) as long as which condition is met?
- A) The vehicle is not shared for more than 15 days per month.
- B) The annual revenue from sharing does not exceed the annual cost of owning and operating the vehicle.
- C) The vehicle is never driven outside the county where it is registered.
- D) The owner only shares the vehicle with family members.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: B
CIC §11580.24 states that a private passenger vehicle is not classified as a commercial or for-hire vehicle solely because it is used in a sharing program, provided the owner does not earn more than the expenses of owning the vehicle.
Question 12 (Chapter 6)
A California resident owns a three-axle motor home (RV) with a gross vehicle weight of 20,000 lbs. According to California Vehicle Code and Insurance Code §660, is this vehicle eligible for a Personal Auto Policy?
- A) No, any vehicle with more than two axles is considered commercial.
- B) Yes, a three-axle RV is specifically defined as a private passenger vehicle for insurance purposes in California.
- C) No, vehicles over 10,000 lbs must be on a Commercial Auto policy.
- D) Yes, but only if it is used as a primary residence.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: B
Under California law (CVC §§260, 362 and CIC §660), a three-axle recreational vehicle is considered a private passenger vehicle and is eligible for coverage under a personal auto policy via endorsement.
Practice Questions 13-17: Insured Locations, Rental Reimbursement, Motorcycles and Rideshare
Insured location, when rental reimbursement begins, what a personal auto policy leaves out and which coverage applies during the first phase of rideshare driving.
Question 13 (Chapter 6)
An insured owns a vacant lot in a rural part of California where they intend to build a retirement home in five years. A hiker wanders onto the property, falls into an unmarked hole, and sues the insured for bodily injury. Does the insured's Homeowners policy provide liability coverage for this location?
- A) No, because the location is not listed on the Declarations page as a residence premises.
- B) No, because liability coverage only extends to locations where a structure currently exists.
- C) Yes, because 'insured location' includes vacant land, other than farm land, owned by or rented to an insured.
- D) Yes, but only if the insured purchased the 'Additional Residence Rented to Others' endorsement.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: C
Under the Homeowners policy definition, 'insured location' is broad and includes vacant land (other than farm land) owned by or rented to an insured. Therefore, the liability coverage from the primary homeowners policy extends to this vacant lot automatically.
Question 14 (Chapter 6)
An insured's car is damaged in a collision with a tree on Tuesday at 10:00 AM. The car is undriveable and is taken to a repair shop. The insured has Collision and 'Transportation Expenses' coverage. When does the policy begin to reimburse the insured for the cost of a rental car?
- A) Immediately at 10:00 AM on Tuesday.
- B) Wednesday at 10:00 AM (24 hours after the loss).
- C) Thursday at 10:00 AM (48 hours after the loss).
- D) Only after the repairs have exceeded $1,000 in costs.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: B
For physical damage losses other than theft, the PAP provides transportation expense reimbursement starting 24 hours after the loss. For theft, the waiting period is 48 hours.
Question 15 (Chapter 6)
Under California Insurance Code §11580.24, a vehicle owner may participate in a personal vehicle sharing program without their Personal Auto Policy being classified as 'commercial' as long as the annual revenue from sharing the vehicle does not exceed:
- A) $5,000 per year.
- B) 10% of the vehicle's Actual Cash Value.
- C) The annual cost of owning and operating the vehicle.
- D) The total amount of the annual insurance premium.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: C
California law (§11580.24) protects the 'private passenger' status of a vehicle in a sharing program (like Turo) as long as the owner does not make a profit beyond the expenses of owning and operating the vehicle. If revenue exceeds expenses, the vehicle is considered used for commercial purposes, which usually voids the PAP.
Question 16 (Chapter 6)
A California resident purchases a new motorcycle. They attempt to add it to their existing personal auto policy for liability coverage. Which statement is correct regarding the personal auto policy's coverage for motorcycles?
- A) The motorcycle is automatically covered if the policy includes liability coverage.
- B) The motorcycle can be covered by adding a miscellaneous type vehicle endorsement.
- C) Motorcycles are generally excluded from coverage under a standard personal auto policy and require a separate motorcycle policy.
- D) The motorcycle is covered if it has an engine size under 500cc.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: C
Standard personal auto policies (PAP) are designed for four-wheel private passenger vehicles and generally exclude motorcycles. Coverage for motorcycles requires a separate motorcycle policy; they are not eligible for coverage under the PAP, even with endorsements. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because no endorsement or condition under the PAP extends liability coverage to motorcycles in California.
Question 17 (Chapter 6)
A California driver is logged into a Transportation Network Company (TNC) app but has not yet accepted a ride request (Phase 1). They strike a pedestrian. Which statement is true regarding liability coverage during this phase?
- A) The driver's personal auto policy provides primary liability coverage.
- B) The TNC must provide primary liability coverage of at least $50,000 per person/$100,000 per accident.
- C) No liability coverage is required during Phase 1.
- D) The driver's personal auto policy provides coverage if they have a rideshare endorsement.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: B
Under California Public Utilities Code §5433, during Phase 1 (app on, no ride accepted), the TNC must provide primary liability coverage of at least $50,000 per person/$100,000 per accident/$30,000 property damage. The driver's personal auto policy typically does not cover TNC activity, and a rideshare endorsement is not standard on personal auto policies. Option A is incorrect because personal auto policies exclude TNC driving. Option C is incorrect because coverage is required. Option D is incorrect because personal auto policies do not typically offer rideshare endorsements, and even if they did, the TNC's coverage is primary during Phase 1.
The Mistakes That Cost Marks
These are the slips the questions above are built to catch:
- Ignoring the per-accident cap. With split limits, each person is capped at the per-person limit and the total is capped at the per-accident limit. Do both steps.
- Applying a retention to everything. A self-insured retention in an umbrella applies to a loss the underlying insurance does not cover, not to a loss the underlying policy pays.
- Assuming coverage exists for personal injury. Libel and slander are personal injury, not bodily injury or property damage, and need their own coverage.
- Mixing medical payments with liability. Medical payments to others pays reasonable medical expenses regardless of fault. It does not pay lost wages or pain and suffering.
- Missing the carpool exception. A share-the-expense carpool is not a public or livery conveyance.
- Getting the waiting period wrong. In the standard form, rental reimbursement for non-theft damage begins 24 hours after the loss and for theft 48 hours after.
Your Next Step
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