17 Free Alabama Life & Health Practice Questions: Health Insurance Foundations, Medical Expense and Disability Income (2026)
How to Use This Set
Health insurance is Part III of the Alabama Life & Health outline: 45 of the 150 questions on the combined exam and 63 of 100 on the Health-only exam. This set covers its foundations, medical expense coverage and disability income insurance.
The questions mix arithmetic (deductible and coinsurance) with vocabulary (PPO, HMO, capitation, morbidity) and with the triggers inside disability policies. These 17 questions come from LanePrep's Alabama L&H quiz bank. Work the numbers by hand rather than guessing from the options.
Practice Questions 1-6: Major Medical, Managed Care, Exclusions and Medicare Advantage
Deductible and coinsurance maths, how a PPO differs from an HMO, who protects policyholders if a health insurer becomes insolvent, a waiver of premium trigger, common exclusions and a Medicare Advantage scenario.
Question 1 (Chapter 6)
Sarah has a Major Medical policy with a $500 deductible and an 80/20 coinsurance provision. She incurs $2,500 in covered medical expenses for a minor surgery in Mobile. Assuming this is her first claim of the year, how much will Sarah be required to pay out-of-pocket?
- A) $400
- B) $900
- C) $500
- D) $1,000
Show answer & explanation
Answer: B
Sarah must first pay her $500 deductible. This leaves $2,000 of the bill ($2,500 - $500). Under the 80/20 coinsurance, she pays 20% of the remaining $2,000, which is $400. Her total out-of-pocket is $500 (deductible) + $400 (coinsurance) = $900.
Question 2 (Chapter 6)
Which of the following is a characteristic of a Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) that distinguishes it from a traditional HMO?
- A) PPOs do not allow members to see out-of-network providers.
- B) PPO providers are paid via capitation rather than fee-for-service.
- C) PPOs are only offered through government-sponsored programs.
- D) PPOs generally do not require a gatekeeper to see a specialist.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: D
Unlike HMOs, PPOs typically do not require the use of a Primary Care Physician (gatekeeper) for specialist referrals. PPOs allow out-of-network care (A) but at a higher cost. HMOs typically use capitation (B), while PPOs use negotiated fee-for-service.
Question 3 (Chapter 6)
In the event an Alabama health insurer becomes insolvent, which entity provides protection for resident policyholders' claims, subject to statutory limits?
- A) The Alabama Insurance Commissioner's Emergency Fund
- B) The NAIC Insolvency Pool
- C) The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
- D) The Alabama Life and Disability Insurance Guaranty Association
Show answer & explanation
Answer: D
The Alabama Life and Disability Insurance Guaranty Association (ALDIGA), established under Code of Alabama Title 27, Chapter 44, protects policyholders when an insurer becomes insolvent. The FDIC (C) protects bank deposits, not insurance policies.
Question 4 (Chapter 6)
A disability policy has a 'Waiver of Premium' rider. The insured becomes totally disabled on January 1st. The policy has a 90-day waiting period for the waiver. When will the premiums be waived and any paid premiums refunded?
- A) April 1st
- B) January 1st
- C) July 1st
- D) Never; premiums are only waived for partial disability.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: A
The Waiver of Premium rider typically requires the insured to be disabled for a specific period (e.g., 90 days or 6 months). Once that period passes, premiums are waived going forward, and premiums paid during the waiting period are usually refunded.
Question 5 (Chapter 6)
Which of the following is a common exclusion in a medical expense policy?
- A) Emergency room visits for accidents
- B) Complications arising from pregnancy
- C) Physical therapy following a stroke
- D) Intentional self-inflicted injuries
Show answer & explanation
Answer: D
Standard exclusions in health insurance include intentional self-inflicted injuries, war, elective cosmetic surgery, and workers' compensation claims. A, B, and C are typically covered services.
Question 6 (Chapter 6)
A 55-year-old Alabama resident enrolls in a Medicare Advantage (Part C) HMO plan. The plan has a $0 premium, a $3,000 annual out-of-pocket maximum for in-network services, and requires referrals for specialists. In February, the member sees an in-network cardiologist without a referral from her primary care physician. The visit costs $400. How much will the plan pay?
- A) $0 — the plan denies the claim because no referral was obtained.
- B) $400 — the plan pays in full because the provider is in-network.
- C) $320 — the plan pays 80% after the member's $80 copay.
- D) $200 — the plan pays 50% for out-of-network equivalent services.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: A
Medicare Advantage HMO plans typically require referrals for specialist visits. If a member sees a specialist without a required referral, the plan will deny the claim, even if the provider is in-network. This is a fundamental gatekeeper feature of HMO plans. Options B, C, and D assume the plan would pay some amount, but without the referral, the service is not authorized and the plan has no obligation to pay.
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Practice Questions 7-12: Reimbursement Accounts, Rating and Disability Provisions
Employer-funded health reimbursement arrangements, hazard exclusions, how actuaries use morbidity, cancer-only coverage, and the presumptive and recurrent disability provisions.
Question 7 (Chapter 6)
An Alabama employer offers a Health Reimbursement Arrangement (HRA) to employees. The HRA is funded solely by the employer with $2,000 per year per employee. An employee incurs $1,500 in qualified medical expenses in Year 1 and submits claims for reimbursement. In Year 2, the employee has no medical expenses. What happens to the unused $500 from Year 1?
- A) It rolls over to Year 2 and is available for future medical expenses.
- B) It is forfeited back to the employer (use-it-or-lose-it).
- C) It is paid to the employee as taxable income.
- D) It is contributed to the employee's HSA if they have one.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: A
Unlike FSAs, HRAs are not subject to the 'use-it-or-lose-it' rule. Unused HRA balances can roll over from year to year at the employer's discretion (and most HRA designs allow rollover). The funds remain the employer's property but are available for the employee's future qualified medical expenses. Option B describes FSA rules, not HRA rules. Options C and D are incorrect — HRA funds cannot be paid as cash or transferred to an HSA.
Question 8 (Chapter 6)
A 25-year-old Alabama resident applies for an individual disability income policy. The applicant is a professional rock climber. During underwriting, the insurer adds an 'Aviation and Hazardous Activities Exclusion' rider that excludes coverage for disabilities resulting from rock climbing. The applicant accepts the policy with this rider. Two years later, the applicant becomes disabled due to a rock climbing accident. What is the insurer's obligation?
- A) Deny the claim because the disability resulted from an excluded hazardous activity.
- B) Pay full benefits because the incontestability period has passed.
- C) Pay benefits only if the applicant can prove the accident wasn't caused by negligence.
- D) Pay a reduced benefit equal to the premium difference for the exclusion.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: A
An exclusion rider for hazardous activities (like rock climbing) is a valid policy provision that excludes coverage for disabilities resulting from the specified activity. The incontestability clause prevents the insurer from contesting the policy based on application misrepresentations, but it does not override express policy exclusions for specific risks. If the disability results from the excluded activity, the insurer has no obligation to pay. The applicant accepted the policy with this exclusion, so the claim is properly denied.
Question 9 (Chapter 6)
An actuary for an Alabama health insurer is calculating premiums for a new group medical plan. The actuary uses a table that predicts the frequency and severity of non-fatal illnesses and accidents within the group. This statistical data is known as:
- A) Morbidity data
- B) Mortality data
- C) Insurable interest data
- D) Loss ratio data
Show answer & explanation
Answer: A
Morbidity refers to the incidence and severity of sickness or injury within a group, which is the primary factor in health insurance pricing. Mortality (B) refers to death rates and is used for life insurance.
Question 10 (Chapter 6)
A consumer in Tuscaloosa purchases a 'Cancer-Only' policy. This is an example of which type of coverage?
- A) Comprehensive Major Medical
- B) HMO
- C) Dread Disease (Limited) Policy
- D) Blanket Insurance
Show answer & explanation
Answer: C
Dread Disease or Limited policies cover specific perils (like cancer or heart disease) and are not a substitute for comprehensive medical coverage.
Question 11 (Chapter 6)
An insured's disability policy contains a 'Presumptive Disability' provision. Which of the following would trigger an immediate full benefit payment without an elimination period?
- A) A broken leg that heals in 4 months
- B) A diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes
- C) Total and permanent loss of speech
- D) Partial loss of hearing in one ear
Show answer & explanation
Answer: C
Presumptive disability typically covers total loss of sight, speech, hearing, or use of two limbs. These are 'presumed' to be total disability regardless of the insured's ability to work.
Question 12 (Chapter 6)
A worker is disabled for 4 months, returns to work for 3 weeks, and then suffers a relapse of the same condition. If the policy has a 'Recurrent Disability' provision with a 6-month window, what happens?
- A) A new elimination period must be satisfied.
- B) The second period of disability is treated as a continuation of the first.
- C) The insurer will deny the claim as a pre-existing condition.
- D) The benefit period is reset to the beginning.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: B
The recurrent disability provision treats a relapse within a certain timeframe (usually 6 months) as the same claim, meaning the insured does not have to satisfy a new elimination period.
Practice Questions 13-17: Benefit Periods, Capitation, Buy-Sell and ACA Tiers
What a benefit period is, how capitation pays physicians, why partners buy disability coverage on each other, what a Bronze plan pays, and one more deductible-and-coinsurance calculation.
Question 13 (Chapter 6)
In a disability income policy, the 'Benefit Period' refers to:
- A) The time the insured must wait before benefits begin
- B) The maximum length of time that benefits will be paid
- C) The time during which the insurer can contest the policy
- D) The grace period for premium payments
Show answer & explanation
Answer: B
The benefit period is the duration for which the insurer will pay benefits (e.g., 2 years, 5 years, or to age 65).
Question 14 (Chapter 6)
A Montgomery-based HMO pays its participating primary care physicians a fixed amount every month for each member assigned to them, regardless of whether the member actually visits the doctor. This arrangement is known as:
- A) Fee-for-service
- B) Capitation
- C) Usual, Customary, and Reasonable (UCR)
- D) Indemnity
Show answer & explanation
Answer: B
Capitation is the payment method where providers are paid a set fee per head (member) per month. This shifts some financial risk to the provider to manage care efficiently. Fee-for-service (A) is the traditional model where providers are paid for each specific action taken.
Question 15 (Chapter 6)
Three partners in a Birmingham law firm enter into a Disability Buy-Sell agreement. What is the primary purpose of the disability insurance policies they purchase on each other?
- A) To provide the disabled partner with a lifetime income
- B) To pay for the firm's malpractice insurance premiums
- C) To provide the funds for the healthy partners to purchase the disabled partner's interest in the business
- D) To reimburse the firm for the cost of hiring a replacement lawyer
Show answer & explanation
Answer: C
A Disability Buy-Out (or Buy-Sell) policy provides the capital necessary to execute a buy-sell agreement, allowing the remaining owners to buy out the disabled owner's share of the business. These policies usually have very long elimination periods (e.g., 1 or 2 years).
Question 16 (Chapter 6)
Under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), an Alabama individual chooses a 'Bronze' metal tier plan. What percentage of the total average costs of covered benefits will the plan pay?
- A) 90%
- B) 60%
- C) 80%
- D) 70%
Show answer & explanation
Answer: B
The ACA metal tiers represent actuarial value: Bronze (60%), Silver (70%), Gold (80%), and Platinum (90%).
Question 17 (Chapter 6)
A policyholder has a Major Medical plan with a $500 deductible and 80/20 coinsurance. He incurs a $2,500 medical bill. This is his first claim of the year. What is the insurer's portion of the payment?
- A) $2,000
- B) $1,600
- C) $1,500
- D) $400
Show answer & explanation
Answer: B
First, subtract the deductible: $2,500 - $500 = $2,000. Then, apply the coinsurance to the remainder: 80% of $2,000 = $1,600. The insurer pays $1,600, and the insured pays $900 ($500 deductible + $400 coinsurance).
The Mistakes That Cost Marks
Patterns from the questions above that cost candidates marks on exam day:
- Getting the deductible-and-coinsurance order wrong. Subtract the deductible first, then apply the coinsurance share to what remains.
- Mixing up the benefit period and the elimination period. One is how long benefits last. The other is how long you wait for them to start.
- Forgetting the exact trigger. Presumptive disability and recurrent disability each have their own defined conditions.
- Confusing PPO and HMO features. Out-of-network coverage and referral rules are the usual dividing lines.
- Naming the wrong protection. For insurer insolvency, the answer is the guaranty association, and Part IV of the outline names the Alabama one.
Your Next Step
If these questions exposed a gap, listen to the matching lesson in the Alabama Life & Health course preview, then come back and rework the questions you missed. For more topics, see all of our free Alabama Life & Health practice questions.
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